The HKD/AR2 Etch step is a critical subtractive process in the backside illuminated (BSI) CMOS image sensor bond pad module P1. Positioned after the BPMD (Bond Pad Metal Dielectric) etch, this step selectively removes the upper anti-reflective (AR2) and high-k dielectric (HKD) layers to prepare for the subsequent AR1 and silicon back etch operations A2. In advanced packaging and interconnect schemes, exposing a bonding pad requires sequentially clearing a complex stack of optical and passivation